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A Summer Camp Took Almost Every Precaution. The Majority of Kids Still Got COVID-19.

At least 76 percent of young campers who were tested came back positive—an ominous sign as schools push to reopen by the fall.

As state officials across the country scramble to solidify plans to reopen schools in the fall, a new report by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention analyzing the transmission rate at a Georgia overnight camp suggests that the spread of the coronavirus among students is inevitable. The study, released Friday, analyzed 597 children and staff who attended the overnight camp between June 21 and June 27. At the end of the week, 76 percent of campers who were tested came back positive—despite the organizers following most state guidelines set by the governor and the CDC. The camp, however, didn’t require campers to wear masks, only the staff, or open windows and doors for increased ventilation, per CDC guidelines. And it allowed attendees to engage in outdoor and indoor activities—like singing and cheering—that also contributed to the high transmission rate, the report stated. “These findings demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 spread efficiently in a youth-centric overnight setting, resulting in high attack rates among persons in all age groups, despite efforts by camp officials to implement most recommended strategies to prevent transmission,” the report said, noting that the median age for the campers was 12 and the gender split was even. The report said it only took two days for a teenage staff member at the camp to develop chills and leave the camp. The next day, she tested positive for the coronavirus—prompting the camp to immediately begin sending attendees home before closing its doors on June 27. The study noted that test results were only available for 344 of 597 attendees and thus likely underestimated the total spread at the camp. “Given the increasing incidence of COVID-19 in Georgia in June and July some cases might have resulted from transmission occurring before or after camp attendance,” the study added. “Finally, it was not possible to assess individual adherence to COVID-19 prevention measures at [the] camp… including physical distancing between, and within, cabin cohorts and use of cloth masks, which were not required for campers.” The report adds to the evidence suggesting children of all ages are susceptible to coronavirus, which has killed at least 150,000 Americans and infected over 4.5 million. While the report focused on one overnight camp that didn’t adopt every measure it could to prevent an outbreak, the high transmission rate among a group of children will have implications for the ongoing push for schools to reopen in the fall. In Indiana, at least one student has already tested positive for the coronavirus after the first day of school. According to the Indianapolis Star, the student only attended some classes at Greenfield-Central Junior High School before being sent home and immediately isolated. Across town, an Avon High School staff member also tested positive for COVID-19 but had not yet been at school. And in Arizona, one teacher died and two more were infected after sharing a classroom to hold online classes. On Friday, however, the head of the CDC pushed for a reopening, saying it was in the “public health interest” to get students back in school. “In many respects, unfortunately, though this may sound a little scary and harsh—I don’t mean it to be that way—is that you’re going to actually be part of the experiment of the learning curve of what we need to know,” Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said to educators in a Tuesday virtual town hall.

PS I know this camp. They are careful not to tell you its in Branson Missouri a major Midwestern tourist destination. Hey Doug .. you are fucked. You cannot protect the people……. SHIT IT DOWN before you lose everything

 

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Gov. Murphy Puts New Jersey On Notice

Warns Residents To Heed Coronavirus Guidelines As Cases Spike; ‘The Alarms Are Going Off

 

TRENTON, N.J. (CBSNewYork) – Gov. Phil Murphy warned Friday that he may pause or reverse New Jersey’s reopening as coronavirus cases continue to climb. “We still may be among the leaders in having the lower case numbers… but we are standing in a very dangerous place,” said Murphy. “The alarms are going off.” The statewide transmission rate rose to 1.35 in the last week from a spike in new COVID-19 cases, according to Murphy, who said that number will likely continue to grow as new data comes in.

“We are not past this,” said Murphy. “Everyone who walks around refusing to wear a mask, or who hosts an indoor house party, or who overstuffs a boat is directly contributing to these increases.” The Sussex County Department of Health, meanwhile, said it is investigating a new cluster of infections, CBS2’s Alice Gainer reported Friday. Six teens tested positive for COVID-19. Five live in Sussex County, one lives in another. The teens are 17 to 18 years old, and all attended a graduation party. Health officials said contact tracing identified 24 people who came into close contact with them.

Earlier rounds of testing this week found more than 2,000 new cases, including dozens of Jersey Shore lifeguards who attended social gatherings.

Murphy said the limit on indoor gatherings remains at either 100 people or 25 percent capacity – whichever is lower. But, he said the limits could be lowered if the situation worsens. “I’m not announcing any specific action today, but consider this as being put on notice,” said Murphy. “We will not tolerate these devil-may-care, nonchalant attitudes any longer.” Airbnb recently suspended or removed 35 New Jersey listings that have received complaints or violated policies on parties.

“We have seen a distinct shift to younger, less chronically ill people,” said Dr. Dan Varga, chief physician executive for Hackensack Meridian Health.

“While we are comfortable that the likelihood of young people actually dying from COVID is probably very, very, very low, as long as more people are getting infected, they’re vectors for transmitting this disease to people who could die very easily,” he said. While all hospitals in the system are stockpiling supplies in case of a resurgence, Dr. Varga said there is something others can do to help prevent it. “I think the thing that young people really need to know is that you wear the mask not to protect yourself. You wear the mask to protect others.” said Dr. Varga. “It’s an act of kindness.” The governor reported 699 new COVID-19 cases Friday, bringing the statewide total to 181,660. New Jersey’s coronavirus death toll rose by 10, totaling 13,944. The news that cases are spiking makes local business owners fear the worst.

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US reports 69,160 new COVID-19 cases

U.S. Confirmed 4,562,037 infections Confirmed Deaths 153,314

 

The United States recorded a 69,160 increase in coronavirus infections in the past 24 hours, which brings the country’s total number of cases to 4,556,232, Johns Hopkins University’s data revealed on Friday. In the same period, the number of death cases in the country rose by 1,442, bringing the number of COVID-19 fatalities seen since the start of the pandemic to 153,268. The number of people who recovered from the illness rose by 24,005, landing at 1,438,160. With over 35% reporting permanent disabilities. The tally of tests administered in the US now stands at 55.3 million.

States above recommended positivity: 34
State
Percentage of
Positive Tests
Puerto Rico 100.00%
Arizona 21.98%
Mississippi 20.77%
Florida 19.42%
Alabama 19.07%
Idaho 17.96%
Kansas 17.01%
South Carolina 15.04%
Nevada 13.95%
Georgia 12.57%
Texas 11.46%
Missouri 10.93%
Iowa 10.37%
Arkansas 9.78%
Utah 9.24%
Nebraska 9.08%
Louisiana 9.00%
Tennessee 8.59%
Indiana 8.12%
Kentucky 7.78%
Oklahoma 7.63%
Wyoming 7.60%
Colorado 7.55%
North Dakota 7.32%
California 7.00%
South Dakota 6.94%
Wisconsin 6.74%
North Carolina 6.61%
Virginia 6.24%
Maryland 6.04%
Oregon 6.02%
Pennsylvania 5.88%
Washington 5.56%
Rhode Island 5.28%
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Fitch revises US debt rating from stable to Negative affirms AAA rating

(Bloomberg) — One of the world’s major credit-rating companies fired a warning shot regarding the U.S.’s worsening public finances on Friday, just as lawmakers in Washington contemplate spending more to combat the economic fallout from the coronavirus pandemic.Fitch Ratings revised its outlook on the country’s credit score to negative from stable, citing a “deterioration in the U.S. public finances and the absence of a credible fiscal consolidation plan.” The country’s ranking remains AAA. “High fiscal deficits and debt were already on a rising medium-term path even before the onset of the huge economic shock precipitated by the coronavirus,” Fitch said. “They have started to erode the traditional credit strengths of the U.S.” Unemployment has skyrocketed and the U.S. economy just notched up its worst quarter on record, with pandemic-related shutdowns helping drive an annualized gross domestic product contraction of 32.9% in the three-month period through June. And with infections still spreading rapidly in many states, the virus’s damaging impact on output looks set to continue. Support from Congress has buoyed the economy in recent months, but further action will be critical in determining the path toward recovery. Crucial lifelines for jobless workers, like an extra $600 in weekly unemployment benefits, are expiring, and lawmakers have made little progress on agreeing to another stimulus package. But while further measures — if settled on — could help support the economy, they would also likely add to the nation’s debt pile and worsen the fiscal deficits that caused Fitch additional concern. There is, however, no sign yet of a deal as upcoming elections for the presidency and Congress help sharpen partisan divisions. General government debt is expected to exceed 130% of GDP by 2021, Fitch said, noting that the U.S. had the highest government debt of any AAA rated sovereign heading into the current crisis. “Financing flexibility, assisted by Federal Reserve intervention to restore liquidity to financial markets, does not entirely dispel risks to medium-term debt sustainability, and there is a growing risk that U.S. policy makers will not consolidate public finances sufficiently to stabilize public debt after the pandemic shock has passed,” Fitch said. The U.S. central bank this week reiterated its promise to use all its tools to support the recovery, keeping interest rates near zero and noting that the economy’s path is “extraordinarily uncertain” in the face of virus risks. U.S. rates are negative once inflation is factored in © Bloomberg U.S. rates are negative once inflation is factored in Fitch is not the first major ratings company to take a less-than-stellar view of America’s public finances. S&P Global Ratings has already gone further, taking an ax to the country’s AAA score back in 2011 and downgrading it to AA+. Moody’s Investors Service, meanwhile, continues to rank the U.S. as Aaa — its top grade. Fitch’s warning, just as the U.S. Treasury is preparing to release its quarterly financing plans next week, comes even as borrowing costs fall to unprecedented levels. Nominal yields on Treasuries are close to historic lows, while the real rate on 10-year debt — which factors in the impact of inflation — fell to around minus 1% on Friday. Yet even with an assumption that real rates will remain negative and support public debt, and the credit assessor’s view that America’s debt tolerance is higher than other AAA sovereigns, Fitch has become less optimistic about the U.S. outlook.

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US to pay $2.1B for COVID-19 vaccine to Sanofi, GlaxoSmithKline

A Pig in a poke

  • The U.S. government will pay Sanofi and GlaxoSmithKline up to $2.1 billion to develop and deliver 100 million doses of their potential coronavirus vaccine.
  • More than half of the $1.5 billion will be used to support further development of the vaccine, including clinical trials, with the remainder used for manufacturing and delivery of the 100 million doses, the companies said.
  • The announcement comes less than two weeks after the government said it would pay Pfizer and BioNTech $1.95 billion to produce 100 million doses of their vaccine.

The U.S. government will pay drugmaker Sanofi and GlaxoSmithKline up to $2.1 billion to develop and deliver 100 million doses of their potential coronavirus vaccine, the companies announced Friday. More than half of the $1.5 billion will be used to support further development of the vaccine, including clinical trials. The rest will be for manufacturing and delivery of the 100 million doses, the companies said. The U.S. will have the option to order an additional 500 million doses, they said. “The global need for a vaccine to help prevent COVID-19 is massive, and no single vaccine or company will be able to meet the global demand alone,” Thomas Triomphe, executive vice president and global head of Sanofi’s vaccine division, said in a statement. “From the beginning of the pandemic, Sanofi has leveraged its deep scientific expertise and resources to help address this crisis, collaborating with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to unlock a rapid path toward developing a pandemic vaccine and manufacturing at large scale.”Public health officials say there is no returning to “normal” until there is a vaccine against the coronavirus, which has infected more than 17 million people worldwide and killed at least 667,808, according to data compiled by Johns Hopkins University. More than 150 vaccines are under development, according to the World Health Organization, with 25 already in clinical trials. It’s a record-breaking time frame for a process that normally takes about a decade to develop an effective and safe vaccine. The fastest-ever vaccine development, for mumps, took more than four years and was licensed in 1967. Sanofi and GSK announced April 14 that they had entered an agreement to jointly create a Covid-19 vaccine by the end of next year. To make it, Sanofi said it would repurpose technology it uses in flu vaccines while GSK would provide adjuvant technology designed to enhance the immune response in vaccines. Sanofi is leading the clinical development of the potential vaccine and expects an early-stage human trial to begin in September, followed by a late-stage trial by the end of the year. If the vaccine proves to be safe and effective, the companies expect to request regulatory approval in the first half of 2021.

The announcement comes less than two weeks after the U.S. government said it would pay Pfizer and biotech firm BioNTech $1.95 billion to produce 100 million doses of their vaccine if it proves safe and effective.

On Thursday, senior administration officials at the Department of Health and Human Services said on a conference call that Pfizer and competitor Moderna, which began a phase three trial for its leading vaccine candidate on Monday, have already vaccinated “several hundred people” within the first few days. HHS Secretary Alex Azar said in a statement Friday the portfolio of vaccines being assembled for the U.S. increases the odds that “we will have at least one safe, effective vaccine as soon as the end of this year.”“Today’s investment supports the Sanofi and GSK adjuvanted product all the way through clinical trials and manufacturing, with the potential to bring hundreds of millions of safe and effective doses to the American people.” Nick Note: they have purchase literally nothing. A never before developed monkey RNA vaccine that has at this point not even recieved “fast track” FDA ha ha ha ha ha approval. the phase 3 studies have not even STARTES! This is killing the cats Trumps way. Can year hear the phone calls? Give me something anything before the elections,,, i understand i don’t care if it works or not… i don’t care if it ends up killing people… Of course you have complete and totally liability protection. YES i can guarantee you the justice department and the SEC will take no action as you pay yourselves big fat bonus checks……… and so it goes! That vaccine line is one i will never be standing in….. Good luck human Ginnie Pigs… Hence a pig in a poke!

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Virus count in US jumps by 72,238

The United States has reported the deaths of 1,379 people in the last day due to coronavirus-related conditions. As such, the total death toll since the outbreak of the pandemic now stands at 151,826 people. 72,238 new cases were diagnosed during the last 24 hours for a total of over four-and-a-half million people in the United States. Nick Note: Look at the freeging stats below:

Breakdown by state
Cases Deaths
State Total Per 100k people Total Per 100k people
Total 4,510,232 1,374 152,384 46
California 493,105 1,248 9,015 23
Florida 461,379 2,148 6,709 31
Texas 430,535 1,485 6,977 24
New York 419,013 2,154 32,362 166
New Jersey 182,845 2,059 15,809 178
Georgia 182,286 1,717 3,671 35
Illinois 178,138 1,406 7,670 61
Arizona 170,798 2,347 3,626 50
North Carolina 120,376 1,148 1,910 18
Massachusetts 117,098 1,699 8,595 125
Pennsylvania 115,853 905 7,240 57
Louisiana 114,595 2,465 3,925 84
Tennessee 102,871 1,506 1,033 15
Michigan 89,781 899 6,443 65
Ohio 89,626 767 3,442 29
Virginia 88,904 1,042 2,141 25
South Carolina 87,572 1,701 1,615 31
Maryland 87,308 1,444 3,488 58
Alabama 85,762 1,749 1,565 32
Indiana 65,453 972 2,946 44
Mississippi 57,579 1,935 1,611 54
Wisconsin 56,079 963 926 16
Washington 55,803 733 1,564 21
Minnesota 53,732 953 1,634 29
Connecticut 49,670 1,393 4,431 124
Missouri 49,465 806 1,269 21
Nevada 46,824 1,520 801 26
Colorado 46,204 802 1,822 32
Iowa 44,054 1,396 857 27
Arkansas 41,759 1,384 442 15
Utah 39,712 1,239 300 9
Oklahoma 35,740 903 536 14
Kentucky 29,386 658 731 16
Kansas 26,870 922 349 12
Nebraska 25,766 1,332 328 17
New Mexico 20,388 972 635 30
Idaho 20,246 1,133 177 10
Rhode Island 18,950 1,789 1,007 95
Oregon 18,131 430 316 7
Puerto Rico 16,572 519 214 7
Delaware 14,689 1,508 581 60
District of Columbia 12,057 1,708 584 83
South Dakota 8,685 982 129 15
New Hampshire 6,544 481 415 31
West Virginia 6,422 358 115 6
North Dakota 6,301 827 103 14
Maine 3,888 289 122 9
Montana 3,814 357 55 5
Alaska 3,559 487 23 3
Wyoming 2,686 464 26 4
Hawaii 1,989 140 26 2
Vermont 1,407 225 57 9
USS Theodore Roosevelt and USS Kidd 1,180 — 1 —
U.S. Virgin Islands 385 359 8 7
Guam 356 217 5 3
Northern Mariana Islands 42 76 2 4
American Samoa 0 — 0

 

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Back-to-back increases in jobless claims as 1.43M filed for benefits last week

The number of new applications for unemployment benefits last week was 1.43 million, the Labor Department reported Thursday, marking a second consecutive week of higher claims. The rise in claims of about 12,000 on the week is a troubling sign of danger for the economic recovery and job creation. An additional 829,697 people filed new claims for Pandemic Unemployment Assistance, a special program to provide relief for people sidelined by the pandemic who normally wouldn’t be eligible for unemployment, such as independent contractors whose work dried up. Barring an eleventh-hour agreement between congressional Republicans and Democrats, the Pandemic Unemployment Assistance benefit will expire on Friday. Over 12 million workers claimed the benefit for the week ending July 11. Contributing to the increase in jobless claims is the surge of virus infections that have closed businesses again in recent weeks in several parts of the country and prompted worry in the small-business sector. Two-thirds of small business owners fear the pandemic will force them to close their doors, according to a U.S. Chamber of Commerce poll. The level of concern about shutting down is particularly high, 85%, for businesses that suffered through the economic shutdown earlier in the year and then struggled to reopen. The threat of shutting down again has prompted owners to reevaluate staffing and future layoffs.

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Herman Cain Dead from COVID … Attended Trump Tulsa Rally

Herman Cain, once a GOP Presidential hopeful, has died from COVID-19 … Cain contracted the coronavirus after attending Trump‘s Tulsa rally. The businessman and politician’s death was announced Thursday on his website. A statement read, “Herman Cain — our boss, our friend, like a father to so many of us — has passed away.” Cain fell ill shortly after attending President Trump’s rally in Tulsa on June 20 — he was hospitalized for about a month … getting oxygen treatments. Cain posed for a photo, without a mask, at the rally with a caption that read, “Here’s just a few of the #BlackVoicesForTrump at tonight’s rally! Having a fantastic time!” Remember, at the time of the rally, Oklahoma was in grips of a spike in coronavirus cases. Afterward, reports surfaced that the Trump campaign asked Tulsa venue organizers to remove social distancing signs. Trump later canceled an Alabama rally out of fear of a COVID-19 outbreak. Cain’s Twitter account had kept his followers up-to-date on his condition, and a post on Monday — just 3 days ago — read, “doctors say his other organs and systems are strong” and that “re-strengthening the lungs is a long and slow process, and the doctors want to be thorough about it.” The post added, “He really is getting better, which means it is working.” Cain, who Trump once considered to run the Federal Reserve, is one of the highest-profile public victims of the coronavirus. He was 74.

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COVID-19 long-term effects even mild cases

People report ongoing fatigue, brain fog and breathlessness, so what’s happening in the body?

Prolonged fatigue is one of the most common symptoms reported by “COVID-19 long-haulers”

By now, we’re getting a better understanding of what coronavirus disease looks like. We know COVID-19 can be a fairly mild flu-like illness for many people; some people don’t even know they have it. We also know that it can be deadly for others. It can have a range of serious health impacts, such as widespread blood clotting and strokes and, in some rare cases, cause an immune overreaction known as a cytokine storm. What’s less clear, however, are the longer-term health effects of COVID-19. It’s worth remembering it’s been less than nine months since the first cases of what we now know as COVID-19 emerged in Wuhan, China, so its long-term health effects are still impossible to know. But over the past few months, anecdotes have emerged of people experiencing strange, ongoing symptoms, including prolonged fatigue, breathlessness, brain fog and digestive issues. As with many aspects of the new coronavirus, researchers are trying to pull together data to understand the medium-term health effects more fully. COVID-19 “long-haulers”, as many of the people with prolonged symptoms are calling themselves, often describe ongoing exhaustion and shortness of breath.In part, this can be explained by the way the virus can seriously affect the lungs. The infection can cause fibrosis — scarred, stiff tissue that makes it difficult for the lungs to do their job of oxygenating the blood. But changes to the heart can also contribute to these symptoms, says Linda Gallo, who is researching how coronavirus affects the heart, especially in people with diabetes. Its impact on the heart still isn’t clear, Dr Gallo says, but studies published in recent weeks describe abnormalities in the hearts of patients who have completely cleared the virus. “[The researchers] asked them about their just general wellbeing and a lot of the patients are commenting on just being generally exhausted and having shortness of breath, some of them having palpitations, atypical chest pain,” she says. What’s more, many of these patients weren’t that sick with COVID-19 — most of them had managed their illness at home, rather than needing hospital treatment. “Overall, the authors state that the cardiac effects were independent of severity and course of acute infection — which is concerning,” Dr Gallo says. Dr Gallo is part of a study investigating the longer-term effects of COVID-19, especially on people with diabetes, and is currently looking for people who have had coronavirus to participate in a study. Based on the information already available, she and her colleagues expect people with diabetes (either type 1 or type 2) are more likely have long-term effects. Other persistent symptoms people report have to do with the brain: “brain fog”, sleeplessness and headaches. While we don’t fully understand the neurological effects of coronavirus yet, we can learn a lot from the way the brain responds to other infections, says neuroscientist Lila Landowski of the University of Tasmania. Fatigue, which is more than just a feeling of tiredness, and can be associated with things like a “foggy” brain, slowed reflexes and headaches, is usually a useful response to infections. “There’s a good reason for that — mounting an immune response to fight an infection takes a huge amount of energy,” Dr Landowski says. “The body wants you to do as little as possible, so you can conserve energy and divert it to the immune system. “Then, once the infection is eliminated, the fatigue dissipates. “However, in some people, the switch that returns the body back to normal seems to fail, resulting in chronic fatigue.” Researchers are trying to understand more about this “switch” in the hope of developing effective treatments for those with chronic fatigue.

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We’ve never made a successful vaccine for a coronavirus before. This is why it’s so difficult

For those pinning their hopes on a COVID-19 vaccine to return life to normal, an Australian expert in vaccine development has a reality check — it probably won’t happen soon. The reality is that this particular coronavirus is posing challenges that scientists haven’t dealt with before, according to Ian Frazer from the University of Queensland. Professor Frazer was involved in the successful development of the vaccine for the human papilloma virus which causes cervical cancer — a vaccine which took years of work to develop. He said the challenge is that coronaviruses have historically been hard to make safe vaccines for, partly because the virus infects the upper respiratory tract, which our immune system isn’t great at protecting. And while we have vaccines for seasonal influenza, HPV and other diseases, creating a new vaccine isn’t as simple as taking an existing one and swapping the viruses, said Larisa Labzin, an immunologist from the University of Queensland. “For each virus or different bacterium that causes a disease, we need a different vaccine because the immune response that’s mounted is different,” Dr Labzin told ABC Science.

There are several reasons why our upper respiratory tract is a hard area to target a vaccine. “It’s a separate immune system, if you like, which isn’t easily accessible by vaccine technology,” Professor Frazer told the Health Report. Despite your upper respiratory tract feeling very much like it’s inside your body, it’s effectively considered an external surface for the purposes of immunisation. “It’s a bit like trying to get a vaccine to kill a virus on the surface of your skin.” Your skin, and the outer layer of cells in your upper respiratory tract act as a barrier to viruses, stopping them getting into the body. And finding a way to neutralise the virus “outside” of the body is very difficult. This is partly because only the outer layer of cells (the epthelial cells) get infected, which, compared to a severe infection of internal organs doesn’t produce the same immune response, so is harder to target. It’s hard to produce a successful vaccine if the virus isn’t activating a strong immune response.

“One of the problems with corona vaccines in the past has been that when the immune response does cross over to where the virus-infected cells are it actually increases the pathology rather than reducing it,” Professor Frazer said.

“So that immunisation with SARS corona vaccine caused, in animals, inflammation in the lungs which wouldn’t otherwise have been there if the vaccine hadn’t been given.”

Antibodies are proteins that are released by the immune system to neutralise a threat, like a virus. We’ve so far found with coronavirus that those infected have had different antibody responses, some weak, some strong. “I think it would be fair to say that the natural immunity that you get after infection from this coronavirus is probably going to turn out like the coronaviruses we’ve seen in the past.

At the moment, teams around the world are deploying different technologies in vaccine development, from killing the virus and using it in the vaccine like we do with influenza, to using messenger RNA to prompt the infected cells to produce antibodies. But the reality of vaccine development is that many fail before a successful one is developed.

A 3D model of the sars-cov-2 spike protein that allows the virus to enter cells
The ‘spike’ protein sticks out of the coronavirus shell, and could be used in some vaccines to trick the body into shutting out the virus.(NIH)

This sort of vaccine was tested with SARS in 2003 and resulted in reinfected lab monkeys having a nasty immune response, which is why many groups working on a vaccine for Sars-CoV-2 are going for a very specific antibody response. Professor Frazer said the narrow, targeted approach is fine, unless you pick the wrong specific antigen — the substance that stimulates an immune response which antibodies bind to — in which case you could end up with the same problem. We don’t yet have vaccines against any coronaviruses in humans, in part due to the challenges of developing vaccines for viruses that infect the upper respiratory tract. There are a lot of vaccine experiments going on around the world at the moment trying to change that though, including some in human trials. Trials in humans will have to be fairly extensive before we would think about vaccinating a group of people who have not yet been exposed to the virus. Nick Bit: In this fast track hysteria their will be no No NO extensive human trails. Its slam bam ram it through and hide the disaster in the making!

“They might hope to get protection but certainly wouldn’t be keen to accept a possibility of really serious side effects if they actually caught the virus.”